Chapter 5: Communication Disorders

By Laura Egan, SLP & McKenzie Lee, SLP

Speech and language impairment is a broad category encompassing a range of communication disorders that can significantly impact an individual’s ability to express themselves and comprehend others. As a special education teacher, it is crucial to have a deep understanding of the various aspects of speech and language impairments to effectively support students in their academic and social development. Consider what it takes to be able to communicate effectively at school. What would be a significant hinderance to someone’s ability to communicate at school? Throughout this chapter, we will discuss the four key areas that make up a speech-language impairment: articulation, language, fluency, and voice.  Furthermore, we will provide insight into the use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) with students who have communication disorders. In each section, we will also examine specific definitions, eligibility criteria, characteristics, etiology, cultural considerations, and provide case studies to enhance your understanding of each area.